What is the relationship between genetics and DNA?

Answer 1

DNA --> Chromosomes --> Genes

Answer 2

Genes and DNAGenes are masses of DNA that direct certain things - think of genes as orders in the military and DNA as the words in those orders.

Genes are smaller than DNA

Answer 3

DNA is the substance which exists in the form of long strands of 'bases' (4 different types) which combine to form 'codes' to enable cells to grow and function as appropriate for each species, and the body part within each organism. 'Genes' are chunks of code, each of which forms part of a strand of DNA. Each strand of DNA is called a Chromosome, and the number of strands/chromosomes is fixed in each species, but varies from one species to another. Each organism has 2 sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Where an organism has different genes from each parent (say brown eyes from one parent, blue eyes from the other parent), one or the other gen will be dominant, although it does get more complicated than that - you need to read some genetics books). In this example, brown is dominant to blue because the brown eye gene actively makes pigment, wheras the blue gene simply doesn't, or at least, not much. Therefore in a person with one brown gene and one blue gene, the brown gene will make enough pigment to give brown eyes, although they might be a lighter shade of brown that a person with 2 genes actively producing pigment. (Before anyone says, yeah, yeah, grossly simplified I know, just trying to get the basic concept across.)

Every cell in a body has the whole set of DNA for the species, but there are mechanisms, governed by HOX genes, which normally regulate things so that each cell only activates those genes relevent for where it is in the body. For example, all heart muscle cells carry the genes for (say) eye colour, but they only actually use the genes relevent for being a heart muscle cell.

You may have seen those breeds of fancy chickens & pigeons (at an agricultural show or petting zoo perhaps?) with feathery feet. This is an example of how selective breeding has managed to over-ride normal HOX gene controls, by bringing feather growth genes which would normally only be active on wing cells on legs as well.

Answer 4

Genetics is integral to most biological fields and areas of study. It is the molecular and phenotypic basis of heredity and trait expression, it regulates physiology and the function of everything from cells to whole organisms.

Answer 5

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) consists of nucleotides. Each Nucleotide contains a Nitrogenous base. The sequences of nucleotides is a gene in basic terms. Overall the sequence of the DNA nitrogenous bases are the general code for protein/amino acids in cells. The DNA is copied through transcription and creates RNA. The mRNA goes into the cytoplasm and compines with a ribosome. This ribosomes assists in the synthesis of proteins.

Answer 6

DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in regulating the use of this genetic information. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double helix molecule which encodes many millions of different combinations of nitrogenous bases which make up a genotype. A gene is a section of this. Genes are masses of DNA that direct certain things - think of genes as orders in the military and DNA as the words in those orders.

Answer 7

genes are the segments of dna. dna is the whole genome and it contains coding sequences as well as non-coding sequences and the coding sequences are the genes. A gene codes for a protein. A full single gene can be present at one place on dna, or fragments or parts of a single gene may be present at different locations on dna with non-coding region in between.

Answer 8

Genes are masses of DNA that direct certain things - think of genes as orders in the military and DNA as the words in those orders.

Answer 9

DNA is what carries the genetic information. This is what is passed on to offspring. DNA contains genes, which code for functional products (such as protein).

Answer 10

Genes make up DNA