The relationship between organisms and their environment is called ecology. Depending up on the type of environment various types of ecosystems exist. Such as aquatic ecosystem, desert ecosystem, marine ecosystem etc.
Cladistics. A sub-discipline of taxonomy.
The study of the diversity of organisms and the relationships among them.
No
phylogeny
yes
it is studied as ecology. relationships are responses, mineralisation, locomotion etc to the environment
A cladogram is used!
yes
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scientists can infer how closely related the organisms are in an evolutionary sense
Yes, taxonomists aim to classify and group organisms based on their evolutionary relationships. By examining characteristics such as physical traits, genetic information, and shared ancestry, taxonomists can understand the evolutionary history and connections between different species. This helps create a hierarchy of classification that reflects the diversification of life over time.