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most restriction enzymes require magnesium ions for their activation, local restriction enzyme activity can be controlled by the local concentration of magnesium ions. Applying a direct current (dc) voltage to a needle electrode of metallic magnesium made it possible to control the local magnesium ion concentration at the tip of the needle. The restriction enzyme was activated only when magnesium ions were electrochemically supplied.
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Function of hindiii?
Haemophilus influenzae is a species of bacteria that is the source of the HindIII restriction enzyme that cleaves the palindromic DNA sequence 5'-AAGCTT-3' in the presence of the cofactor Mg2+ via hydrolysis. While restriction enzymes cleave at specific DNA sequences, they are first required to bind non-specifically with the DNA backbone before localizing to the restriction site. On average, the restriction enzyme will form 15-20 hydrogen bonds with the bases of the recognition sequence. With the aid of other Van der Waals interactions, this bonding facilitates a conformational change of the DNA-enzyme complex which leads to the activation of catalytic centers. Despite the lack of evidence suggesting an exact mechanism for the cleavage of DNA by HindIII, site-mutagenesis analysis coupled with more detailed studies of metal ion-mediated catalysis in EcoRV have led to the following proposed catalytic mechanism. It has been suggested that during the hydrolysis of DNA by EcoRV the catalytic residue Lys-92 stabilizes and orients the attacking water nucleophile, while the carboxylate of Asp-90 stabilizes the leaving hydroxide anion through to coordination of Mg2
This kind of ion may serve as a cofactor to catalyze a reaction?
Metal ions such as zinc, magnesium, and iron are common cofactors that help enzymes catalyze reactions. These ions can interact with the enzyme's active site or substrate to facilitate the conversion of the substrate into a product. The presence of metal ions can stabilize reaction intermediates, lower activation energy, and enhance the catalytic efficiency of enzymes.
The carrier protein that transports hydrogen ions across thylakoid membranes and produce ATP acts as both?
The carrier protein that transports hydrogen ions across thylakoid membranes and produces ATP acts as both a pump and an enzyme. It uses the energy from the movement of hydrogen ions to generate ATP through chemiosmosis.
What small organic molecule is required for the functioning of an enzyme?
coenzyme
The resistance to an ion's movement across a membrane is determined by?
The resistance to an ion's movement across a membrane is primarily determined by the membrane's permeability to that specific ion. Factors such as ion channel proteins, membrane potential, and concentration gradients also play a role in regulating ion movement.
Which term refers to a macromolecule that attaches to an enzyme and plays a helper role in catalysis?
A cofactor refers to a macromolecule that attaches to an enzyme to assist in catalysis. This can be a metal ion or a coenzyme.
Function of hindiii?
Haemophilus influenzae is a species of bacteria that is the source of the HindIII restriction enzyme that cleaves the palindromic DNA sequence 5'-AAGCTT-3' in the presence of the cofactor Mg2+ via hydrolysis. While restriction enzymes cleave at specific DNA sequences, they are first required to bind non-specifically with the DNA backbone before localizing to the restriction site. On average, the restriction enzyme will form 15-20 hydrogen bonds with the bases of the recognition sequence. With the aid of other Van der Waals interactions, this bonding facilitates a conformational change of the DNA-enzyme complex which leads to the activation of catalytic centers. Despite the lack of evidence suggesting an exact mechanism for the cleavage of DNA by HindIII, site-mutagenesis analysis coupled with more detailed studies of metal ion-mediated catalysis in EcoRV have led to the following proposed catalytic mechanism. It has been suggested that during the hydrolysis of DNA by EcoRV the catalytic residue Lys-92 stabilizes and orients the attacking water nucleophile, while the carboxylate of Asp-90 stabilizes the leaving hydroxide anion through to coordination of Mg2
What are the cell surface receptorss?
G-protein, ion-channel and enzyme-linked protein receptors.
Difference between activator and prosthetic groups?
Prosthetic groups can be as simple as a single metal ion bound into the enzyme's structure, or may be a more complicated organic molecule (which might also contain a metal ion). it is permanently bonded to enzyme. Activator is only metal ion that is detachable. source:chemguide.co.uk Stuffidious.com
What ion specifically activates ptyalin?
The ion that specifically activates ptyalin is chloride ions. These ions are responsible for stimulating the release of ptyalin, an enzyme found in saliva that helps break down carbohydrates in the mouth during digestion.
Structure of L asparginase?
L-asparaginase is a tetrameric enzyme consisting of four identical subunits. Each subunit contains a zinc ion in the active site that plays a crucial role in catalyzing the reaction that converts asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. The enzyme also requires magnesium ions for stability and optimal activity.
What is adenosinetriphosphatase?
Adenosinetriphosphatase is the full name of ATPase, a type of enzyme which converts adenosine triphosphate into adenosine diphosphate and a free phosphate ion.
This kind of ion may serve as a cofactor to catalyze a reaction?
Metal ions such as zinc, magnesium, and iron are common cofactors that help enzymes catalyze reactions. These ions can interact with the enzyme's active site or substrate to facilitate the conversion of the substrate into a product. The presence of metal ions can stabilize reaction intermediates, lower activation energy, and enhance the catalytic efficiency of enzymes.
The carrier protein that transports hydrogen ions across thylakoid membranes and produce ATP acts as both?
The carrier protein that transports hydrogen ions across thylakoid membranes and produces ATP acts as both a pump and an enzyme. It uses the energy from the movement of hydrogen ions to generate ATP through chemiosmosis.
What is jakes role ion the play sophiatown?
A journalist during apartheid
Where does bicarnonate ions come from?
In tissues, CO2 from aerobic metabolism and it binds with water to form Bicarbonate ion with the help of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.
What small organic molecule is required for the functioning of an enzyme?
coenzyme
