It is the operating system that runs on the Cisco switch or router that manages all the functions of the device.
NVRAM
The Flash memory stores the Cisco IOS image.
The Cisco IOS commands allow the user to enter partial Cisco IOS commands. If you start to type in a command it can recognize it and finish the command for you.
Cisco IOS (originally Internetwork Operating System) is the software used on the vast majority of Cisco Systems routers and current Cisco network switches. (Earlier switches ran CatOS.) IOS is a package of routing, switching, internetworking and telecommunications functions tightly integrated with a multitasking operating system.
No. Apple's iOS uses the Mach / XNU kernel, the same as macOS. Cisco's IOS and the "IOS" used on the Nintendo Wii are proprietary operating systems developed by Cisco and Nintendo internally.
Someone would describe Cisco IOS NetFlow by using a visual image and labeling and analyzing key features of the service or product whilst also stating the purpose of the Cisco IOS NetFlow.
Cisco IOS (originally Internetwork Operating System) is the software used on the vast majority of Cisco Systems routers and current Cisco network switches. (Earlier switches ran CatOS.) IOS is a package of routing, switching, internetworking and telecommunications functions tightly integrated with a multitasking operating system.
NVRAM Stores startup-config. The IOS (Internetwork Operating System) is stored in the flash. Both flash and NVRAM are non volatile storages but there is a major difference.
Python script?
The Cisco ISO is the "Operating System" of the Cisco device. The user can configure the device by accessing and changing the configuration in the ISO.
Cisco's version of the Firewall.
Like Cisco routers, most Cisco switches run IOS, and can be configured in a similar way. Older non-IOS switches still use the console port to configure them, just like the routers.