its called Zone data.
DNS
Domain Name System (DNS).
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In information technology, DNS stands for "Domain Name Service." It translates URL addresses such as "answers.com" into octal IP addresses like 192.41.64.65.
The root zone file is a critical part of the Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure. It lists all the top-level domain names (.com, .org, .net, etc.) and their corresponding authoritative name servers. This file is maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and is essential for resolving domain names to their corresponding IP addresses.
DNS - Domain Name System, translates web addresses to IP. The service is run by governments and it translates web addresses such as "www.wiki.answers.com" to an IP address such as "99.231.154.11". This then allows the users computer to communicate with the server that the website is running on. Additional info: DNS is not a governmental run operation; DNS is run by volunteers and organizations across the world. Every company or individual that owns a domain name can run their own DNS server providing information about their devices within their domain.
DNS servers translate requests for domain names into IP addresses. When you type www.answers.com into the address bar of your browser, your request will be handled by a DNS server, which translates your request for www.answers.com into a request for (the website located at) the ip address 67.196.156.65. The domain name system was invented, because humans are better at remembering names like "answers.com" than remembering IP addresses like "67.196... etc".
DNS (Domain Name System) translates domain names into IP addresses to facilitate communication between devices on the internet. When a user enters a domain name in a web browser, DNS servers are used to look up the associated IP address. This process enables users to access websites and services using familiar domain names rather than complex numerical IP addresses.
Caching in name resolution stores previously resolved domain names and their corresponding IP addresses. This reduces the need to repeatedly query DNS servers, speeding up the name resolution process. When a domain name is requested, the resolver first checks its cache for the corresponding IP address before querying the DNS servers.
MX records.
DNS translates a domain name into an access IP. Every website is hosted on an IP, the DNS servers tell your computer where a particular domain is hosted.