HIV positive
A person infected with HIV is generally referred to as being HIV+ (positive.) Often times, it is shortened to just "positive."
The term is HIV positive.
It would be unlikely to get HIV in the manner you describe.
HIV-related or AIDS-Related illness. You may also be referring to a term called "Opportunistic Infection."
if the HIV person's blood gets into an another person's blood, then the other person can get HIV.
No
Many people use the term "oddball" to describe a very strange person. Another word to describe this term is weird. This term can be used an an adjective.
The underling root of HIV is direct sex. When a person is HIV positive and another person is HIV negative and they have direct sex, the HIV moves into the HIV negative person and the HIV is now positive in both of the persons.
Courtier
HIV is an infectious virus. It can be passed from person to person.
I am not certain what you mean by "ratchet" -- I have never heard of this term used to describe a person before. A ratchet is a machinery device.
Ginger