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Substances (such as water) are composed of small particles, which are atoms or molecules. In a liquid these particles are relatively close together, and they are held together by a mutual attraction. However, if any given particle is moving quickly enough, and it is moving toward the surface of the liquid, it can escape from the attraction of the liquid and enter the air as an independently moving particle, at which point is has turned into vapor and thus has evaporated. The speed with which particles move is measured as temperature. Hot substances have faster moving particles. Thus, as you heat a given substance, it evaporates faster. When a liquid boils, it is turning into a gas even in its interior, rather than just at the surface.

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Q: What is the theoretical background of evaporation?
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