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In longitudinal section, the walls of the atria are thinner, and lined with pestinate muscles. The walls of the ventricles, meanwhile, are thick and muscular.
It is a thick muscular septum, which divides the two cardiac ventricles. It also transmits the signal for contraction of ventricular muscles through 'Bundle of HIS'.
....INTRODUCTION: The heart is a powerful muscular organ that can pump 10,000 liters of blood daily.It is a 4 chambered muscular structure.The upper thin walled collecting chambers are called the atria.The lower thick walled pumping chambers are called the ventricles.
Muscular arteries
The wall of the ventricle is thicker than the walls of the atria because the ventricle pumps blood throughout the body, and the wall of the ventricle needs to be thick snd muscular in order to do so.
During systole the thick muscular walls of the ventricles contract. This happens to both sides of the heart at about the same time.The contraction of the ventricular muscle raises the pressure in the ventricle. The high pressure in the ventricle forces the bicuspid valve to close and forces blood up the aorta.
they are the ventricles
Usually small arterioles and capillaries have thin walls to facilitate air exchange and nutrient/waste diffusion across the vessel wall. Thick walls would reduce the efficiency of these processes. However, large arteries and veins such as the aorta and the superior and inferior vena cavae have thicker walls. The aortic wall is especially thick because it has to withstand the large changes in pressure between systole and diastole. A thin aortic wall would bulge under such pressures and result in what is called an aortic aneurysm.
Artery
to protrect them
Some terminology first: The upper chambers = atria (singular atrium) The lower chambers = ventricles The atria are responsible for receiving blood: the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. The atria only pump this blood into the ventricles and therefore do not need particularly thick muscular walls. The ventricles on the other hand are responsible for pumping the blood received from the atria to the body. The right ventricle pumps the deoxygenated blood it receives from the right atrium out of the heart and into the lungs. On the other hand, the left ventricle is responsible for pumping the oxygenated blood received by the left atrium to the rest of the body. It is because of the this that the walls on the side of left ventricle are the thickest. The left ventricle requires "more muscle" than the right ventricle as the distance it has to pump the blood is far greater. So, SHORT ANSWER: The walls of the lower chambers/ventricles are thicker and more muscular than the walls of the upper chambers/atria because they have to pump blood out of the heart and to the body as opposed to the atria which only receive blood from the body and then pump into the ventricles.
The muscular structer that grinds soil is the gizzard.