The water is the solvent.
Homogeneous, and it's sugar water not sugarwater
A mixture of sugar and water is best called a solution.
Send the mixture trough a filter, which would leave the sand back, then use a simple seporatory funnel to separate the sugarwater from the oil since oil doesnt mix with water. Finnally destillate the solution to get water and sugar (or caramel if you heat it up too much). if you don't need the water you can also simply heat the sugarwater in a pot till all the water is vapourised.
saltwater
Because sugar is dissolved in water !
i dont now
Sugarwater is a homogeneous solution.
My guess is bacteria feeding on the sugar.
The differences are not significant at room temprature.
Saltwater will freeze at a lower temperature than sugarwater due to the presence of the salt ions, which disrupt the formation of ice crystals. Therefore, sugarwater will freeze first as it has a higher freezing point than saltwater.
compound
The cast of Sugarwater - 2008 includes: Stephen Beckman as Jim Maria Khoobyar as Hope Alma Madsen as Buzz