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What is a kyocera finecam s31?
A Kyocera finecam s31 is a light-weight digital camera that contains a lithium-ion rechargable battery, a three-times optical zoom lens, and a UB hook-up as well as an A/V out.
What are some good examples of cool pix cameras?
The Cool Pix digital camera is a high powered HD camera that take photos in full 1080p. The best examples of this product are the "S9500" model, and the "S31".
Which is the best wireless microphone?
Hoco Wireless Microphone S31-3IN1. Key Feature Model Name: Hoco Wireless Microphone S31-3IN1 🎤 Microphone Type: True Wireless 📡 Inline Remote: Yes 🎛️ Sales Package: Includes Receiver for Lightning, 2.4G Connection, up to 120m Distance, with Charging Case, and Manual 📦 Connectivity: Wireless 🌐 Accessories Included: Charging Case, User Manual 🔋📖 Compatible Devices: Mobile, Tablet 📱💻 Net Quantity: 1 📦
What percentage are successful in quitting smoking?
Over 70% of smokers wish to quit each year, 40% make an attempt, but only 3 to 5 % are successful (Nides (2008). Update on pharmacological options for smoking cessation treatment, AJM, 121, S20-S31).
What is a good make of digital camera for children?
The best type of camera for a child will be one that is not complicated to use (or, "point and shoot"), and is durable. Many families have historically turned to disposable cameras one can find at the local market or convenience store, but in this technological age, more and more families are using digital cameras. Samsung is known for making high-quality cameras that are very easy to use, and won't break a family budget!
Laryngitis?
DefinitionLaryngitis is swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the voice box (larynx) that is usually associated with hoarseness or loss of voice.Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe voice box (larynx) is located at the top of the airway to the lungs (trachea). The larynx contains the vocal cords. When the vocal cords become inflamed or infected, they swell. This can cause hoarseness, and may sometimes block the airway.The most common form of laryngitis is an infection caused by a virus. It may also be caused by:AllergiesBacterial infectionBronchitisCommon coldFluInjuryIrritants and chemicalsPneumoniaLaryngitis often occurs with an upper respiratory infection.Several forms of laryngitis occur in children that can lead to dangerous or fatal respiratory blockage. These forms include:CroupEpiglottitisSymptomsFeverHoarsenessSwollen lymph nodes or glands in the neckSigns and testsA physical examination can determine whether hoarseness is caused by a respiratory tract infection.Patients with lasting hoarseness (especially smokers) will need to see an ear, nose, and throat doctor (otolaryngologist) for tests of the throat and upper airway.TreatmentBecause most common laryngitis is caused by a virus, antibiotics may not help. Your health care provider will make this decision.Resting your voice helps by reducing inflammation of the vocal cords. A humidifier may soothe the scratchy feeling that comes with laryngitis. Decongestants and painkillers may relieve the symptoms of an upper respiratory infection, if you have one.Expectations (prognosis)Laryngitis that is not caused by a serious condition should get better.ComplicationsRarely, severe respiratory distress may develop. This will require medical attention.Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if:A small child who is not teething has difficulty breathing, swallowing, or is droolingA child less than 3 months old has hoarsenessHoarseness has lasted for more than 1 week in a child, or 2 weeks in an adultPreventionTry to avoid people who have upper respiratory infections during cold and flu season.Wash your hands regularly.Avoid crowded places.Stopping smoking may help prevent tumors of the head and neck or lungs, which may lead to hoarseness.ReferencesCummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 4th ed. St Louis, Mo; Mosby; 2005.Rakel P, ed. Conn's Current Therapy 2007. 59th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2007.
Laryngoscopy?
DefinitionLaryngoscopy is examination of the larynx (voice box) using a small mirror held just below the back of your palate, or a rigid or flexible viewing tube called a laryngoscope placed in your mouth.Depending on the circumstances, you may need anesthesia.
Sinus MRI scan?
DefinitionA magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the sinuses is a noninvasive method to create detailed pictures of the the air-filled spaces inside the skull. These spaces are called the sinuses.Unlike x-raysand computed tomographic (CT) scans, which use radiation, MRI uses powerful magnets and radio waves. The MRI scanner contains the magnet. The magnetic field produced by an MRI is about 10 thousand times greater than the earth's.The magnetic field forces hydrogen atoms in the body to line up in a certain way (similar to how the needle on a compass moves when you hold it near a magnet). When radio waves are sent toward the lined-up hydrogen atoms, they bounce back, and a computer records the signal. Different types of tissues send back different signals.Single MRIimages are called slices. The images can be stored on a computer or printed on film. One exam produces dozens or sometimes hundreds of images.Alternative NamesMRI of the sinuses; Magnetic resonance imaging - sinuses; Maxillary sinus MRI; Cavernous sinus MRIHow the test is performedYou may be asked to wear a hospital gown or clothing without metal fasteners (such as sweatpants and a t-shirt). Certain types of metal can cause inaccurate images.You will lie on a narrow table, which slides into the middle of the MRI machine. If you fear confined spaces (have claustrophobia), tell your doctor before the exam. You may be given a medicine to help you feel sleep and less anxious, or your doctor may recommend an "open" MRI, in which the machine is not as close to the body.Small devices, called coils, are placed around the head. These devices help send and receive the radio waves, and improve the quality of the images.Some exams require a special dye (contrast). The dye is usually given before the test through a vein (IV) in your hand or forearm. The dye helps the radiologist see certain areas more clearly.During the MRI, the person who operates the machine will watch you from another room. Several sets of images are usually needed, each taking 2 - 15 minutes. Depending on the type of equipment, the exam may take 1 hour or longer.How to prepare for the testYou may be asked not to eat or drink anything for 4 - 6 hours before the scan.Avoid doing a nasal wash within 24 hours before the test is performed.Before the test, tell the radiologist if you currently undergo dialysis, as this may affect whether you can have IV contrast.If you fear confined spaces (have claustrophobia), tell your doctor before the exam. You may be given a medicine to help you feel sleepy and less anxious, or your doctor may recommend an "open" MRI, in which the machine is not as close to the body.The strong magnetic fields created during an MRI can interfere with certain implants, particularly pacemakers. Persons with cardiac pacemakers cannot have an MRI and should not enter an MRI area.You may not be able to have an MRI if you have any of the following metallic objects in your body:Brain aneurysm clipsCertain artificial heart valvesInner ear (cochlear) implantsRecently placed artificial jointsSome older types of vascular stentsTell your health care provider if you have one of these devices when scheduling the test, so the exact type of metal can be determined.Before an MRI, sheet metal workers or any person that may have been exposed to small metal fragments should receive a skull x-ray to check for metal in the eyes.Because the MRI contains a magnet, metal-containing objects such as pens, pocketknives, and eyeglasses may fly across the room. This can be dangerous, so they are not allowed into the scanner area.Other metallic objects are also not allowed into the room:Items such as jewelry, watches, credit cards, and hearing aids can be damaged.Pins, hairpins, metal zippers, and similar metallic items can distort the images.Removable dental work should be taken out just before the scan.How the test will feelAn MRI exam causes no pain. Some people may become anxious inside the scanner. If you have difficulty lying still or are very anxious, you may be given a mild sedative. Excessive movement can blur MRI images and cause errors.The table may be hard or cold, but you can request a blanket or pillow. The machine produces loud thumping and humming noises when turned on. You can wear ear plugs to help reduce the noise.An intercom in the room allows you to speak to the person operating the scanner at any time. Some MRI scanners have televisions and special headphones that you can use to help the time pass.There is no recovery time, unless you need sedation. After an MRI scan, you can resume your normal diet, activity, and medications.Why the test is performedThis test provides detailed pictures of the sinuses. Your doctor may order this test if you have:Abnormal nasal drainageAn abnormal finding on an x-ray or nasal endoscopyBirth defect of the sinusesLoss of smellNasal airway blockage that doesn't get better with treatmentRepeated bloody noses (epistaxis)Signs of injury to the sinus areaUnexplained headachesUnexplained sinus pain that does not get better with treatmentYour doctor may also order this test to:Determine if nasal polyps have spread beyond the nose areaEvaluate an infection or abscessIdentify a mass or tumor, including cancerPlan sinus surgery or monitor your progress after surgeryNormal ValuesResults are considered normal if the organs and structures being examined are normal in appearance.What abnormal results meanDifferent types of tissues send back different MRI signals. For example, healthy tissue sends back a slightly different signal than cancerous tissue.Abnormal results may be due to:Blood clot in a sinus (cavernous sinus thrombosis)Cancer or tumorInfection in the bones of the sinuses (osteomyelitis)Infection of the tissues surrounding the eye (orbital cellulitis)Nasal polypsSinusitis - acuteSinusitis - chronicConsult your health care provider with any questions and concerns.What the risks areMRI uses no ionizing radiation. To date, there have been no documented significant side effects of the magnetic fields and radio waves used on the human body.The most common type of contrast (dye) used is gadolinium. It is very safe. Allergic reactions to the substance rarely occur. The person operating the machine will monitor your heart rate and breathing.MRI is usually not recommended for acute trauma situations, because tractionand life-support equipment cannot safely enter the scanner area and the exam can take quite a bit of time.People have been harmed in MRI machines when they did not remove metal objects from their clothes or when metal objects were left in the room by others.Special considerationsTests that may be done instead of a sinus MRI include:CT scan of the sinusesX-ray of the sinusesA CT scan may be preferred in emergency cases, since it is faster and usually available right in the emergency room.Note: MRI is not as effective as CT in defining the anatomy of the sinuses and therefore is not typically used for suspected acute sinusitis.ReferencesWilkinson ID, Paley MNJ. Magnetic resonance imaging: basic principles. In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Adam, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 5.O'Handley JG, Tobin E, Tagge B. Otorhinolaryngology. In: Rakel RE. Textbook of Family Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa:Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 25.Rosenfeld RM, Andes D, Bhattacharyya N, Cheung D, Eisenberg S, Ganiats TG, et al. Clinical practice guideline: adult sinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;137:S1-S31.Hulett KJ, Stankiewicz JA. Primary sinus surgery. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al. Otolaryngology:Head and Neck Surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2005:chap 53.
Sinusitis?
DefinitionSinusitis refers to inflammation of the sinuses that occurs with a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection.See also: Chronic sinusitisAlternative NamesAcute sinusitis; Sinus infection; Sinusitis - acute; Sinusitis - chronic; RhinosinusitisCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThe sinuses are air-filled spaces in the skull (behind the forehead, nasal bones, cheeks, and eyes) that are lined with mucus membranes. Healthy sinuses contain no bacteria or other germs. Usually, mucus is able to drain out and air is able to circulate.When the sinus openings become blocked or too much mucus builds up, bacteria and other germs can grow more easily.Sinusitis can occur from one of these conditions:Small hairs (cilia) in the sinuses, which help move mucus out, do not work properly due to some medical conditions.Colds and allergies may cause too much mucus to be made or block the opening of the sinuses.A deviated nasal septum, nasal bone spur, or nasal polyps may block the opening of the sinuses.Sinusitis can be:Acute -- symptoms last up to 4 weeksSub-acute -- symptoms last 4 - 12 weeksChronic -- symptoms last 3 months or longerAcute sinusitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection in the sinuses that results from an upper respiratory tract infection. Chronic sinusitis refers to long-term swelling and inflammation of the sinuses that may be caused by bacteria or a fungus.The following may increase your risk or your child's risk of developing sinusitis:Allergic rhinitis or hay feverCystic fibrosisDay careDiseases that prevent the cilia from working properly, such as Kartagener syndrome and immotile cilia syndrome.Changes in altitude (flying or scuba diving)Large adenoidsSmokingTooth infections (rare)Weakened immune system from HIV or chemotherapySymptomsThe classic symptoms of acute sinusitis in adults usually follow a cold that does not improve, or one that worsens after 5 - 7 days of symptoms. Symptoms include:Bad breath or loss of smellCough, often worse at nightFatigue and generally not feeling wellFeverHeadache -- pressure-like pain, pain behind the eyes, toothache, or facial tendernessNasal congestion and dischargeSore throat and postnasal dripSymptoms of chronic sinusitis are the same as those of acute sinusitis, but tend to be milder and last longer than 12 weeks.Symptoms of sinusitis in children include:Cold or respiratory illness that has been improving and then begins to get worseHigh fever, along with a darkened nasal discharge, for at least 3 daysNasal discharge, with or without a cough, that has been present for more than 10 days and is not improvingSigns and testsThe doctor will examine you or your child for sinusitis by:Looking in the nose for signs of polypsShining a light against the sinus (transillumination) for signs of inflammationTapping over a sinus area to find infectionRegular x-rays of the sinuses are not very accurate for diagnosing sinusitis.Viewing the sinuses through a fiberoptic scope (called nasal endoscopy or rhinoscopy) may help diagnose sinusitis. This is usually done by doctors who specialize in ear, nose, and throat problems (ENTs).However, these tests are not very sensitive at detecting sinusitis.A CT scan of the sinuses may also be used to help diagnose sinusitis or to evaluate the anatomy of the sinuses to determine whether surgery will be beneficial. If sinusitis is thought to involve a tumor or fungal infection, an MRIof the sinuses may be necessary.If you or your child has chronic or recurrent sinusitis, other tests may include:Allergy testingBlood tests for HIV or other tests for poor immune functionCiliary function testsNasal cytologySweat chloride tests for cystic fibrosisTreatmentSELF CARETry the following measures to help reduce congestion in your sinuses:Apply a warm, moist washcloth to your face several times a day.Drink plenty of fluids to thin the mucus.Inhale steam 2 - 4 times per day (for example, sitting in the bathroom with the shower running).Spray with nasal saline several times per day.Use a humidifier.Be careful with over-the-counter spray nasal decongestants. They may help at first, but using them for more than 3 - 5 days can actually worsen nasal congestion.Also, for sinus pain or pressure:Avoid flying when you are congested.Avoid temperature extremes, sudden changes in temperature, and bending forward with your head down.Try acetaminophen or ibuprofen.MEDICATIONS AND OTHER TREATMENTSAntibiotics are usually not needed for acute sinusitis. Most of these infections go away on their own. Even when antibiotics do help, they may only slightly reduce the time you or your child is sick. Antibiotics may be prescribed sooner for:Children with nasal discharge, possibly with a cough, that is not getting better after 2 - 3 weeksFever higher than 102.2 Fahrenheit (39 Celsius)Headache or pain in the faceSevere swelling around the eyesAcute sinusitis should be treated for 10 - 14 days. Chronic sinusitis should be treated for 3 - 4 weeks. Some people with chronic sinusitis may need special medicines to treat fungal infections.At some point, your doctor will consider other prescription medications, further testing, or referral to an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) or allergy specialist.Other treatments for sinusitis include:Allergy shots (immunotherapy) to help prevent the disease from returningAvoiding allergy triggersNasal corticosteroid sprays and antihistamines to decrease swelling, especially if there are nasal polyps or allergiesSurgery to clean and drain the sinuses may also be necessary, especially in patients whose symptoms fail to go away after 3 months, despite medical treatment, or in patients who have more than two or three episodes of acute sinusitis each year. An ENT specialist (also known as an otolaryngologist) can perform this surgery.Most fungal sinus infections require surgery. Surgical repair of a deviated septum or nasal polyps may prevent the condition from returning.Expectations (prognosis)Sinus infections are usually curable with self-care measures and medical treatment. If you are having recurrent attacks, you should be checked for underlying causes such as nasal polyps or other problems, such as allergies.ComplicationsAlthough very rare, complications may include:AbscessBone infection (osteomyelitis)MeningitisSkin infection around the eye (orbital cellulitis)Calling your health care providerCall your doctor if:Your symptoms last longer than 10 - 14 days or you have a cold that gets worse after 7 daysYou have a severe headache, unrelieved by over-the-counter pain medicineYou have a feverYou still have symptoms after taking all of your antibiotics properlyYou have any changes in your vision during a sinus infectionA green or yellow discharge does not necessarily indicate a sinus infection or the need for antibiotics.PreventionThe best way to prevent sinusitis is to avoid or quickly treat flus and colds:Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables, which are rich in antioxidants and other chemicals that could boost your immune system and help your body resist infection.Get an influenza vaccine each year.Reduce stress.Wash your hands often, particularly after shaking hands with others.Other tips for preventing sinusitis:Avoid smoke and pollutants.Drink plenty of fluids to increase moisture in your body.Take decongestants during an upper respiratory infection.Treat allergies quickly and appropriately.Use a humidifier to increase moisture in your nose and sinuses.ReferencesCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Evidence-based care guideline for management of acute bacterial sinusitis in children 1 to 18 years of age. Cincinnati (OH): Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; 2006.Slavin RG, et al. The diagnosis and management of sinusitis: a practice parameter update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;116:S13-S47.Rosenfeld RM, Singer M, Jones S. Systematic review of antimicrobial therapy in patients with acute rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;137:S32-S45.Rosenfeld RM, Andes D, Bhattacharyya N, Cheung D, Eisenberg S, Ganiats TG, et al. Clinical practice guideline: adult sinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;137:S1-S31.
Sinus CT scan?
DefinitionA computed tomography (CT) scan of the sinus is an imaging test that uses x-rays to create detailed pictures of the air-filled spaces inside the face (sinuses).Alternative NamesCAT scan - sinus; Computed axial tomography scan - sinus; Computed tomography scan - sinus; CT scan - sinusHow the test is performedYou will be asked to lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner. You may lie on your back, or you may lie face-down with your chin raised.Once you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you. (Modern "spiral" scanners can perform the exam without stopping.)A computer creates separate images of the body area, called slices. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor, or printed on film. Three-dimensional models of the body area can be created by stacking the slices together.You must be still during the exam, because movement causes blurred images. You may be told to hold your breath for short periods of time. Straps and pillows may be used to keep you still during the procedure.The actual scan should take about 5 minutes. The entire process should take 15 minutes.How to prepare for the testCertain exams require a special dye, called contrast, to be delivered into the body before the test starts. Contrast helps certain areas show up better on the x-rays.Contrast can be given through a vein (IV) in your hand or forearm. If contrast is used, you may also be asked not to eat or drink anything for 4-6 hours before the test.Let your doctor know if you have ever had a reaction to contrast. You may need to take medications before the test in order to safely receive this substance.Before receiving the contrast, tell your health care provider if you take the diabetes medication metformin (Glucophage) because you may need to take extra precautions.If you weigh more than 300 pounds, find out if the CT machine has a weight limit. Too much weight can cause damage to the scanner's working parts.You will be asked to remove jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the study.How the test will feelSome people may have discomfort from lying on the hard table.Contrast given through an IV may cause a slight burning sensation, a metallic taste in the mouth, and a warm flushing of the body. These sensations are normal and usually go away within a few seconds.Why the test is performedCT rapidly creates detailed pictures of the sinuses. The test may diagnose or detect:Birth defects in the sinusesInfection in the bones of the sinuses (osteomyelitis)Injury to the face over the sinusesMasses and tumors, including cancerNasal polypsThe cause of repeated bloody noses (epistaxis)Sinus infection or sinusitis or a sinus infectionThis results from this test may also help your health care provider plan for sinus surgery.Normal ValuesResults are considered normal if the sinuses are normal in appearance.What abnormal results meanAbnormal results may be due to:Birth defectsBone fracturesCancerPolyps in the sinusesSinus infection (sinusitis)What the risks areRisks of CT scans include:Being exposed to radiationAllergic reaction to contrast dyeCT scans do expose you to more radiation than regular x-rays. Having many x-rays or CT scans over time may increase your risk for cancer. However, the risk from any one scan is small. You and your doctor should weigh this risk against the benefits of getting a correct diagnosis for a medical problem.Some people have allergies to contrast dye. Let your doctor know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye.The most common type of contrast given into a vein contains iodine. If a person with an iodine allergy is given this type of contrast, nausea or vomiting,sneezing, itching,or hives may occur.If you absolutely must be given such contrast, your doctor may give you antihistamines (such as Benadryl) or steroids before the test.The kidneys help remove iodine out of the body. Those with kidney disease or diabetes may need to receive extra fluids after the test to help flush the iodine out of the body.Rarely, the dye may cause a life-threatening allergic response called anaphylaxis. If you have any trouble breathing during the test, you should notify the scanner operator immediately. Scanners come with an intercom and speakers, so the operator can hear you at all times.ReferencesAygun N, Zinreich SJ. Radiology of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2010:chap 44.Grainger RG, Thomsen HS, Morcos SK, Koh D, Roditi G. Intravascular contrast media for radiology, CT, and MRI. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, eds. Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 2.Shaw AS, Dixon AK. Multidetector computed tomography. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, eds. Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 4.Reviewed ByReview Date: 01/31/2011Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Jason Levy, MD, Northside Radiology Associates, Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
