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All polyurethane contains two chemicals: a diol and a diisocyanate. (There's also a catalyst called DABCO and a few other items in there to modify the finished polymer, but for now let's stick with the two important ones.)

A two-component polyurethane brings you the diol and the diisocyanate as two separate packages. There are a couple of two-component systems available to someone who doesn't own a plastics plant: car paint, where you put hardener in the paint to make it dry, and sprayed foam insulation.

The way most of us get our polyurethane is as single-component systems, because diisocyanate is very poisonous. Polyurethane varnish, Gorilla Glue, and polyurethane construction adhesive all work the same way: the diisocyanate is missing parts. If you add water to it--whether through the air or by moistening the surface--the diisocyanate picks up what it needs and the urethane reaction commences.

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Q: What is two-component polyurethane?
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