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The uncinates or uncovertebral joints are joints only found in the part of the spine that is in the neck (the cervical spine). When the uncinates hypertrophy, that means that they have gotten bigger. This usually occurs as a result of osteoarthritis or what is better termed as degenerative joint disease. There are also holes in the spinal column from which nerves come out. These nerves come from the spinal cord and go to every tissue in your body. Sometimes this hypertrophy or enlargement of the uncinates can encroach upon these holes that the nerves come out of, and can "pinch" or compress those nerves. That is foraminal stenosis, foramen just means hole, & stenosis just means narrowing. Therefore the answer to your question is enlarged joints in your cervical spine that are narrowing the holes that the nerves come out of. C4 & C4 just describes what level is affected, the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae from the top.

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