Very little, the moon is too far away, on a good day you can just about make out the continents.
There is no Earth's sky viewable from the moon because Earth's "sky," by definition, is that which one sees, if one sees anything at all other than the black emptiness of outer space, when one looks forward and upward from that planet. Obviously, looking from the moon cannot reproduce such conditions so, therefore, the question is premised on a fallacy and, hence, has no answer. An adroit wording of the question would simply have asked: How does Earth appear to viewers on Earth's moon.
The moon doesn't produce it's own light. Therefore, the only it is viewable by earth, is for light to bounce of it, and since the sun is the only remotely close primary light source, only when the sun's rays can reach the moon can it be able to rebound of it's surface and into your eyes.
Yes, but not normally viewable to the naked eye. This is also true of Venus.
The moon is to the earth, as the earth is to the sun.
Shooting Stars and comets.
The moon orbits Earth.
The Earth is about 3 times bigger than the Moon.
Our Earth has only the one moon.
YesYes. We call it the moon.
The moon has easily visible craters, but the ones on earth have mostly weathered away. The Earth has wind and the moon doesn't. Earth has atmosphere but the moon doesn't have one.
Sun, Earth, Moon. The moon is covered by the Earth's shadow.
Absolutely! In fact, since there is no rayleigh scattering (the phenomenon that makes the sky blue here on Earth) because the Moon has no atmosphere, you can see the stars ALL the time - even when the Sun is up.Additionally, because there is no atmosphere, the stars appear brighter from the Moon than here on Earth. One of the major goals for a manned presence on the Moon will be to build lunar observatories. And because radio astronomy here on Earth is complicated by all the radio transmitters here, the PERFECT place for a radio telescope would be on the far side of the Moon. With several hundred miles of rock between the radio telescope and that horribly radio-noisy Earth, we'll be able to do radio-astronomy there far better than we ever can here on Earth.