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between left ventricle and atrium) and tricuspid (between right ventricle and atrium) are the 2 valves that prevent the backward flow of blood from the ventricles into the atria.

There are two semi-lunar valves also prevent the backward flow of blood from arota to the left ventricle (Aortic valve) and from the Pulmonary Artery to the right ventricle (the Pulmonary valve).

The valves at the top of the heart are the semi lunar vavles. These stop back flow from the pulmonary artire and pulmonary vein (to and from the lungs) The valves that stop back flow in the heart from the atruims to the ventricls are the tricuspid valve (on the right) and the bicuspid valve (on the left) (be carful here, because while the tricuspid valve is a universal term, bicuspid is not used in the USA, it is called something else whic escapes me at the moment) the valve that stops blood coming back into the heart from the aorta (main artery going to body) is the aortic valve and the the valve that stops back flow from the veina cava (main vien going back into the heart from the body) is just veina cava valve.

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Q: What keeps the blood from being squeezed backward into the arteries rather than forward to the heart?
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