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Particle motion can be explained only if a frame of reference is defined. Or for that matter a point of reference. For instance if you take a small area on earth such as your city, and place it in an x, y z plane, where x is east-west, y is north-south and z is up or down. Now you can define motion. I am in motion walking at 3 miles per hour (or running at 10 mph) east on Oak street. I have direction and speed. In mathematics this is dx/dt, the change in the x direction with time. Typically referred to as the velocity component u.

The earth of course being nearly a sphere is truly a rotating coordinate system with its axis pointed toward the north star for reference. So for faster motion over a long distance this curvature and rotation of the coordinate system must be taken into consideration when defining motion.

In the far outer reaches of space, we define our motion with direction and speed with reference to something like the center of our galaxy (Milky Way).

Now I have discussed motion on a large scale, but particles implies getting down to the smaller scales as in atomic particles. These once again, need that frame of reference. Understand that particle motion does not have to be in a straight line. It can be circular, elliptical, oscillating up and down or sideways, or combinations of these. Some particle motion becomes relativistic as the speed of the particle approaches the speed of light. But that is another area.

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safi ahmad

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4y ago

The particles motion in liquids move around quite a bit, bumping gently past each other.

Gases don’t just take the shape of their container they fill the space of the container that they are in.

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Q: What kind of motion is explained by particle theory?
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