all flowers are purple
Recessive Trait
Gregor Mendel called the traits that disappear in the first generation recessive traits. These traits are not expressed in the offspring when there is a dominant trait present.
recessive
dominant
recessive
recessive
Recessive
Since the F1 generation of crosses is a cross between two pure traits (for example, TT for tall and tt for short/dwarfness), the offspring of the pure parents all have the genotype of Tt: 100% of offspring will be tall. The dwarfness seems to "disappear" because the capital T is dominant, while the lowercase t (for shortness) is recessive. Dominant dominates a recessive trait, so only tallness appears and dwarfness seems to disappear. Additional Info: However, even though the dwarfness seems to "disappear" it is still in the genotype although it does not appear in the F1 generation. In the F2 generation, there will be a 25% chance of the offspring having the trait dwarfness, because the F1 generation is crossed (Tt x Tt).
Dominant trait
A trait can disappear in one generation due to a recessive gene being masked by dominant genes. When two carriers of the recessive gene have children, there is a 25% chance the trait will reappear in the next generation as the recessive gene is expressed. This is known as genetic recombination through Mendelian inheritance.
The person with the recessive trait seems to 'skip' a generation
The second Mendelian Law is the Law of Segregation. It states that in a cross the parental traits do not merge in the first offspring generation (ie. the recessive, "weaker" trait does not disappear for good) but instead appear unchanged in the second offspring generation. For example, if you cross homozygous dwarf pea plants to homozygous tall, all members of the first offspring generation will be tall. This makes it seem as if the dwarf trait disappears, but it does not. If you inbreed the first offspring generation, you get 25% dwarf plants in the second offspring generation. So the "lost" trait reappears.