Many zero-coupon bonds (e.g. US Treasuries) penalize for early redemption through forfeiture of interest for a specified period of time.
Yes.
Not all bonds pay out interest through coupon payments.
according to the come rates the returns we get if we purchase higher rated coupon bonds we get higher returns
When the yield of a bond exceeds it coupon rate, the price will be below 'par' which is usually $100.
There are two kinds of bonds: coupon and zero-coupon bonds. A coupon bond pays interest on a periodic schedule--and what the schedule is depends on the bond. When you get the bond, it's got a certain number of coupons attached to it. Each one is dated and says how much interest you will receive when you redeem it. The main part of the bond is the corpus--the "body"--and when redeemed, you will receive the money you spent to buy the bond back. If you buy an investment-grade coupon bond, and its face value is $1,000, you need $1,000 to buy the bond. Note I said "investment-grade" here. If you buy a coupon bond that's in the junk category, quite often they sell at a discount from face value. But junk bonds are a world of their own. Savings bonds are zero-coupon bonds. They sell at a discount from face value--right now it's 50 percent, so if you want a $100 savings bond you need to bring $50. When the bond matures and is redeemed, you will receive the face value of the bond. There are no periodic interest payments with these bonds.
Zero coupon bonds are typically issued by governments, municipalities, and corporations. Prominent companies that offer zero coupon bonds include major corporations like Disney and Coca-Cola, which have issued them in the past. Additionally, U.S. Treasury securities, such as Treasury bills, can function as zero coupon bonds. Investment firms and mutual funds may also provide access to zero coupon bond investments through specific funds or portfolios.
Zero coupon bonds do not pay interest and are therefore sold at a steep discount to face value depending on the maturity date of the bond. Due to the time value of money, the discount on a 30 year zero coupon bond will be much greater than on a 10 year zero coupon bond. At maturity bondholders will receive the full face value of the bond which provides bondholders a return. For example, a 30 year zero coupon bond with a face value of $1,000 and sold for $500 would return a $500 profit after 30 years. Holders of zero coupon bonds can sell the bonds at any time before maturity. If an investor bought zero coupon bonds prior to a steep drop in interest rates, the value of the zero coupon bonds would increase and could be sold at a profit.
The difference between the coupon rate and the required return of a bond is dependent upon the type of bond. Junk bonds will have the biggest difference between its return and the coupon rate.
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The advantage of buying zero-coupon bonds is that when they reach maturity, the investor then receives the full face value of the bond. These bonds became popular in the 1980's even though they were first released in the 1960's.
1,111.50 (Annual coupon)
Zero coupon bonds are sold at a price well below face value. Thus, these bonds are appealing to the small investor because they can be bought far more cheaply than ordinary debt obligations. The discount is usually from 50 to 75 percent.