HAL, it increases OS integrity because more control is possible
HAL is the primarly interacts with hard ware.
HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer). Limiting access to hardware mainly to the HAL increases OS integrity because more control is possible. With this isolation, an application cannot cause a system to hang by making illegal demands on hardware. (Source: CompTIA A+ Guide to Software Managing, Maintaining, and Troubleshooting. Fourth Edition. Copyright 2008 Course Technology, Cengage Lerning)
Transport layer
Windows NT (new technology) added the HAL or Hardware Abstraction Layer to prevent direct interaction between hardware and software.
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
The HAL (hardware abstraction layer) is the layer between the OS and the hardware
Windows NT (new technology) added the HAL or Hardware Abstraction Layer to prevent direct interaction between hardware and software.
papillary layer is responsible for fingerprints
where is cicso layer
The ozone layer is responsible for absorbing harmful rays from the sun. These are UV rays.
CFC's are responsible. They deplete the ozone layer.
They are defined in the OSI layer known as Data-Link.