Moons orbit planets. Planets (and dwarf planets) orbit stars.
Dwarf planets are not a special type of planet. A small planet is later classified a dwarf planet. The only characteristic that makes it a dwarf planet is the size. Your question should be why are some planets small?
The largest object in the asteroid belt is Ceres at about 580 miles across. It is classified as a dwarf planet rather than an asteroid.
Yes, Quaoar is considered a dwarf planet. It is located in the Kuiper Belt, beyond Neptune, and has not cleared its orbit of other debris. This makes it one of the criteria for being classified as a dwarf planet.
A planet: 1) Orbits the Sun or some other star 2) Gravity has to shape it into a sphere & 3) Have an orbit that does NOT link up to another planet's orbit A dwarf planet is classified if it does not have one of these 3 things. Reason 3 (like most other dwarf planets in our Solar System) is what makes Pluto a dwarf planet (since some of it's orbit links up to Neptune's orbit)
It makes it spherical.
A dwarf planet is not considered a planet because it does not dominate its orbital path and cannot clear that path of debris.
Pluto is considered a dwarf planet because it does not meet all the requirements to be classified as a full-fledged planet. According to the International Astronomical Union's definition, a planet must orbit the sun, be spherical in shape, and have cleared its orbit of other debris. While Pluto orbits the sun and is spherical, it has not cleared its orbit as it shares its path with other objects in the Kuiper Belt. Therefore, Pluto is categorized as a dwarf planet.
The number of dwarf planets constantly changes because new objects in the solar system are being discovered and classified. These objects need to meet certain criteria to be considered dwarf planets, so as our technology and understanding of the universe improve, the number of known dwarf planets can increase or decrease.
In order from least to greatest in mean radius:Vesta (protoplanet)Pallas (protoplanet)Charon+ (dwarf planet)Orcus (dwarf planet)Quaoar (dwarf planet)Ceres (dwarf planet)Sedna (dwarf planet)"Snow White" [2007 OR10]* (dwarf planet)Haumea* (dwarf planet)Makemake (dwarf planet)Pluto+ (dwarf planet)Eris (dwarf planet)Mercury (terrestrial planet)Mars (terrestrial planet)Venus (terrestrial planet)Earth (terrestrial planet)Neptune (ice giant)Uranus (ice giant)Saturn (gas giant)Jupiter (gas giant)*There is a slight discrepancy as to how Haumea ought to be measured, due to its unusual shape. This makes it slightly unclear as to which is considered larger between Haumea and "Snow White."+Binary planet
Oh, let's take a moment to really appreciate Jupiter. It's not a dwarf planet at all - in fact, it's the largest planet in our solar system! Its magnificent size makes it easy to spot in the night sky too. So keep an eye out for that big fella and let its beauty inspire you!
Pluto was re-classified as a dwarf planet in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). A new definition for a planet was established, Pluto did not fit the new criteria, so was deemed a dwarf planet. Like Earth and the other planets, it is known to be spherical in shape and is in direct orbit the, but unlike the Earth and other planets, it does not `dominate` its orbit. That is to say that there are a high number of other bodies at the same orbital distance.
Pluto was re-classified as a dwarf planet on August 24th 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). A new definition for a planet was established, Pluto did not fit the new criteria, so was deemed a dwarf planet - known to be spherical in shape and orbit the sun directly, but not dominating its orbit like all 8 remaining planets.