Ruger currently makes about 8 different models of air guns / rifles. All of the current models are break barrel. All of them come in .177 caliber except 2 models that also come with a .22 caliber barrel.
If you own one of the .22 caliber models then yes the .177 caliber pellets will slide down the barrel and fall out. Its too small for the barrel. Take a close look at the markings on the side of the loading chamber to see if the rifles is a .177 or a .22 caliber rifle.
Lets assume you own a .177 caliber Ruger. but the pellet fall out the barrel when it is shot. In that case you most likely have a damaged air chamber inside the rifle.
If you are asking what fires the pellet out of the barrel, then its the spring inside the air chamber that compresses the air ahead of it when it is fired and this air pushes the pellet out of the barrel.
The Crosman 1077 is far superior. For two reasons. It is a true Pellet rifle and has a rifled barrel that makes it more accurate. The Recruit is a BB / Pellet rifle with a smooth boar barrel. The 1077 is modeled after the real Ruger 1022.
A tranquilizer.
No such model in the Ruger line.
Can not be answered without knowing how heavy the pellet is, how fast it will be leaving the muzzle, pellet shape, location where it will be shot.
The size of a pellet or a shot for an air gun is dependent on which pellet you are looking at. The range of sizes is 1.3 mm to 15.24 mm for the largest ones.
Yes
It is more painful when the pellet does not burst. It often creates a welt.
It refers to the size of the shot pellet. It is the largest size of "birdshot", and each pellet is about .190" (4.83mm) in diameter. There are about 62 of these pellets to one ounce.
Any pellet gun should be handled like a real firearm. Yes you can be killed with a pellet gun under the right circumstances.
In most cases, you can survive a pellet gun shot, but it will be painful, or worse. If you are hit just right (or wrong) you could die, so don't treat it lightly.
It's a 16 shot BB repeater or a SINGLE shot pellet rifle
Best left to a gunsmith.