The Extrinsic Pathway
fart on dogs
Hemophilia is a Sex-linked genetic disorder. It is found on the X chromosome of chromosome 23.A carrier for Hemophilia(represented by H(dominant) or h(recessive)) would look like this:XHXh(Female)*Males are not carriers for hemophilia-They are either affected or they're not*An affected person would look like this:XhXh(Female) XhY(Male)Someone who is neither a carrier nor affected would look like this:XHXH(Female) XHY(Male)
Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder, meaning the gene responsible for the condition is located on the X chromosome. Since the baby daughter has hemophilia, she must have inherited one affected X chromosome from her father. Therefore, the father must have the genotype X^hY, where X^h represents the X chromosome carrying the hemophilia gene, indicating that he is affected by the condition.
Her father has to have hemophilia as well, and the mother is a carrier or also has hemophilia. So if we pretend that the hemophilia gene is "x", you need to have "xx" to have hemophilia. The father must have the genotype "Yx" and the mother has the have "Xx" or "xx".
The blood is affected. The blood of a person with Hemophila lacks the clotting factor, so people with it are "Free Bleeders."
Hemophilia is actually the lacking of specific proteins in the blood. The liver normally produces these proteins (called clotting factors) but in people with hemophilia it does not function normally, either not producing or produces non funtioning versions of one or more of these clotting factor proteins
Hemophilia is typically an X-linked recessive condition. If a mother has hemophilia, she carries two copies of the hemophilia allele on her X chromosomes (since females have two X chromosomes). Therefore, any male offspring will inherit one of her X chromosomes, which will carry the hemophilia allele, leading to him being affected by the condition. The male will inherit his Y chromosome from his father, which does not carry the hemophilia gene.
If both parents have x-linked hemophilia, the father's genotype would be XhY and the mother's genotype would be XhXh, which is astronomically rare. If this did happen, all of their children would inherit x-linked hemophilia. Hemophilia is passed down from mother to son. It is extremely rare for a woman to have hemophilia. It is necessary, though, for a woman to be a carrier of the disorder for her son to acquire this disorder. Females have two X chromosomes whereas males only have one. When a boy is born, he takes one X chromosome from his mother and one Y chromosome from his father. Therefore, he can only get hemophilia through his mother. Example One: Mother(Carrier)+Father(Non-Affected)=50% chance of their son acquiring the disorder and 50% chance of their daughter being a carrier. Example Two: Mother(Non-Affected)+Father(Hemophiliac)=All sons will be non-affected and all daughters will be carriers.
Males only have one copy of the X chromosome
Hemophilia is not an example of codominance; it is an X-linked recessive disorder. This means that the gene responsible for hemophilia is located on the X chromosome, and males (who have one X and one Y chromosome) are more severely affected. Females can be carriers if they have one affected X chromosome but typically do not show symptoms unless both X chromosomes are affected. Codominance, on the other hand, refers to a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, such as in blood type AB.
Hemostasis means control of bleedingit is constant internal chemical composition
Hemophilia A is an X-linked, hereditary bleeding disorder caused by the absence or defect of a blood clotting protein, Factor VIII. As a result, when a person with hemophilia A has a bleeding episode, the bleeding may be prolonged due to the body's inability to form blood clots. Patients who are affected with hemophilia A experience frequent spontaneous bleeding, most commonly into their joints and soft tissues, with bleeding into vital organs that may ... be life-threatening. Bleeding episodes may be painful, and over time, recurrent joint bleeding may result in debilitating destruction of the joints. Currently, patients with hemophilia A are dependent on injections of Factor VIII produced by genetic engineering or purified from human plasma, to help control a bleeding episode. It is estimated that approximately 50,000 individuals worldwide are affected with hemophilia A. Hemophilia A - Clotting Factor VIII Hemophilia B - Clotting Factor IX Hemophilia C - Clotting Factor XI