Calculate the density. An easy way to do it--so long as you're dealing with metals that don't react violently when wetted--is to weigh the sample then drop it in a graduated cylinder with some water in it. The weighing gives you mass, the graduated cylinder gives volume, mass divided by volume gives density.
Iron: Red Orange Brown
Copper:Green
because they can
Non metals cannot emit a colored light.
When an electron jumps from an energy level that is farther away from the nucleus to an energy level that is closer to the nucleus the electron gives off energy. When doing a flame test this energy is in the form of a color change. One can identify the change based off of the color.
The heat energy in the flame moves the metal atoms in the chemicals to a higher energy. When they reach the ground state which is there original position they give back their absorbed energy in the form of visible light.
I'm not sure what you mean by "the presence of a solution." If the metal is simple dissolved in water (in the form of a metal salt for instance), than no, the flame test will still work fine. If you mean that there are other things present in the solution, then each element will still make the same color in the flame, but because the mixture of elements will provide a mixture of colors, it will be quite difficult to determine what is present in the mix (especially because of the way colors can combine to give new colors).
it's cheap, light wieght, hugged range of colors
Yes
During a flame test, elements are heated, and their, electrons of the atoms gain energy from the flame. When they lose this energy, they emit colors of visible light. Since each element has its own specific light, you can easily identify which element has been heated
Potassium
Non metals cannot emit a colored light.
This is particularly true to metals, and are the basis for flame tests and even for flame AAS analysis. When a metal is heated, the energy is taken in, and this promotes an electron to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). When this electron falls back down to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) the energy is often released as light, with a wavelength proportional to the energy difference between the HOMO and LUMO.
The wave model of light can not explain why heated objects emit only certain frequencies of light at a given temperature, why some metals emit electrons when light of a certain frequency is shone upon them, and it cannot explain the emission of different wavelengths from the different colors when an object (iron for example) is heated
To see the different types of colors a light gives off.
When an electron jumps from an energy level that is farther away from the nucleus to an energy level that is closer to the nucleus the electron gives off energy. When doing a flame test this energy is in the form of a color change. One can identify the change based off of the color.
The heat energy in the flame moves the metal atoms in the chemicals to a higher energy. When they reach the ground state which is there original position they give back their absorbed energy in the form of visible light.
Spectroscope is a device that separates light into its different colors.
I'm not sure what you mean by "the presence of a solution." If the metal is simple dissolved in water (in the form of a metal salt for instance), than no, the flame test will still work fine. If you mean that there are other things present in the solution, then each element will still make the same color in the flame, but because the mixture of elements will provide a mixture of colors, it will be quite difficult to determine what is present in the mix (especially because of the way colors can combine to give new colors).
One mechanism is; when the atoms of various metals are heated as in fireworks, the electrons are bumped into higher (energy) shells (orbits). When they (electrons) fall back into their normal shell they emit light of certain colors (frequency).