Mountain ranges in the Southern Hemisphere include (but are not limited to):
A mountain range that runs side by side is called a parallel range.
The Andes is a mountain range in the Southern Hemisphere that runs along the western side of South America, spanning through several countries including Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Bolivia. It is one of the longest mountain ranges in the world.
The mountain range in the South Island of New Zealand is called the Southern Alps. This range runs along the western side of the South Island and includes the highest peak in New Zealand, Mount Cook. It is known for its rugged beauty and popular for outdoor activities such as hiking and skiing.
As prevailing winds rise up a mountain range, they cool and condense, leading to increased precipitation on the windward side. This phenomena is known as orographic precipitation. As the air descends on the leeward side, it warms and dries out, creating a rain shadow effect that results in decreased precipitation on that side of the mountain range.
It is called a rain shadow, and is true. It can be wetter on the prevailing windward side and drier on the lee side of a mountain range.
Southern California is very dry because there is very little rain fall. This is because the mountains block precipitation.
The prevailing winds will force the clouds to climb when they reach the mountain range. As the clouds rise they drop their moisture. So the windward side of the mountain will get rain, and the leeward side of the mountain will be drier.
The mountain range that runs down the western side of South America is the Andes Mountains. They are also the longest mountain range in the world measuring 4,300 miles in length.
The mountain barrier that influences the rainfall pattern in Pakistan by intercepting monsoon winds from the south is the Hindu Kush mountain range. This range acts as a barrier to the moist air masses, forcing them to rise and cool, resulting in precipitation on the windward side (northern side) and creating a rain shadow effect on the leeward side (southern side) of the mountains.
deserts
leeward
The Sierra Madre Occidental is the main mountain range of western Mexico.