That depends on what you're testing it for.
You would mostly use the volt meter settings to test for proper voltage output at the connectors coming out of the power supply. After verifying the expected volt output from a suspect connector, You should, in case you are wrong or a short is present, start with the highest voltage AC settings first and then reduce to lower settings and DC to confirm proper outputs.
Set the multimeter to 20 Volts DC. The power supply should output 12 Volts DC.
Yes.
Depends on the power supply, usually theres a red switch on the back that says the voltages that I can be. You can also change them by going to the boot setting(setting when the computer boots up)
test it with a multimeter
If it is a computer power supply it is the box that gives the computer its power from the outlet.
multimeter
The "power supply" supplies power to a computer. A computer's power supply is a "switchmode power supply" responsible for converting the AC voltage from the wall into several DC output voltages.
When your computer will not power on. When the cooling fan of the power supply has failed. When the amount of hardware in use in your case exceeds the power capability of your power supply.
A multimeter draws next to no current, so will not effectively test the power supply under load. The voltage on the meter is averaged out and so will not show ripple current, or spurious dips in the supply. You will need an oscilloscope to check for ripple current (poor smoothing) and the supply needs to be under a load.
The power supply makes the computer run, without any type of power supply it would be impossible to run a computer. The mains power supply for a laptop and the power supply unit of a desk top, both convert the high AC voltage from the mains power and convert it to low voltage DC, for the electronics of a computer to use.
Yes. If the power supply is of a low wattage and has too many pieces of hardware connected to it, it can. Try buying a power supply with a wattage over 300. One thing to check before replacing the power supply is the voltage selector in the back. If you use 120 volt power, then setting the power supply to 240 volts will cause the PC to only get half of the power it needs. External peripherals with their own power supply will not impact the power supply or current in the computer. Printers and monitors usually get their power from the wall socket, not the computer, and the same goes for external modems that plug into the wall. Keyboards and mice take negligible power.
There is no such thing as PCI power supply. Case power supply can supply power to your PCI-E ports by means of 4, 6 and 8 pin connectors. It's especially true for new cards where PCI-E power is required to operate. Anyway, there are couple ways to test pins. One of them is to buy computer power supply tester. Second is cheaper is you have multimeter... You can test each pair of pins, required voltage is standardized and can be found in internet.
In order to supply power supply to your computer you would need an outlet plug near your computer. Then you can plug your computer into that and necessarily, use an extension.