vagus nerve and sympathetic fibers
Vagus nerve
leg
because vertebral nerves (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral) don't innervate the face. Cervical nerves innervate the ant/post neck and scalp but don't extend into the face.
Mainly tibial nerve, and superficial peroneal
Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Gland
The nerves innervate the quadriceps. The afferent nerves are the muscle spindles and the efferent are the motor neurons.
I am not sure exactly what nerves innervate the back, but I would assume that it could definitely refer to the abdomen.
Yes and no. There are nerves that innervate your skin and bones and meningeal coverings as well as the nerves that convey all of the input from your special sense organs but there are no "proper" nerves in your brain. In other words, your brain cannot feel anything itself. It can only interpret what other parts of your body are feeling.
The phrenic nerve, arising from C3,C4,C5. Damage to the brachial plexus can result in temporary or permanent paralysis of the diaphragm
Muscle spasm are caused by due to hyper or hypo stimulation of the peripheral nerves which in turn decrease or increase the action.
Brances of the Facial (VII), Glossopharyngeal (IX), and Vagus (X) cranial nerves carry information about taste
it decreased heart rate , since vagus nerve innervate parasympathetic never and we know parasympathetic nerve reduce heart rate.
Stimulation of the vagus nerve decreases heart rate. The vagus nerve is an important part of the parasympathetic nervous system.