Psychoanalysis.
They were both Catalan surrealists
He was the best known of the surrealists.
Automatism
Charleston
No, he was not. Most surrealists painted more or less realistic things illogically connected. Mondrian was non-figurative.
the launching of Sputnik first inspired him to study science.
Many artists have been inspired by science, but you are probably thinking of Leonardo daVinci.
Their dreams.
The declared intention of the Surrealists was to use dreams and the unconscious as the source of their inspiration and subjects.
Classical form
Surrealists.
They were both Catalan surrealists
Dali's skills of painting are often accredited to the influence of Renaissance masters. He was deeply influenced by Sigmund Freud's writings about the unconscious and dreams. Also his association with the French Surrealists influenced him but he was eventually disliked by many in this group.
Piaget
She always was interested in science.
He inspired it to involve science in their teachings
Her teacher had inspired her.