None.
The Limited Test Ban Treaty, signed in 1963, prohibited nuclear tests in the atmosphere, in outer space, and underwater. This allowed for a reduction in tensions between the USA and the USSR by lessening the risk of radioactive fallout and environmental damage caused by nuclear tests.
New Mexico (1945)
None.The USSR or any other country to present date has not officially said that they have.
Yes, why couldn't they? An ICBM carries its nuclear warhead into space and then releases it allowing it to fall from space onto its target. Several hydrogen bomb tests had been performed by the US in space in the early 1960s (one of these caused a delay to a Gemini space mission due to a radiation belt it created that could hurt the astronauts). A project to build spacecraft propelled by nuclear explosions called Project Orion began in the middle 1950s and was stopped in 1963 when the Atmospheric Test Ban Treaty prohibited nuclear explosions in space.
The French conducted nuclear testing in the Tuamotu islands, on the atoll of Mururoa. The US conducted nuclear testing on the atoll of Bikini in the Marchall islands.
Yes. The U.S. Air Force conducted several nuclear weapon tests in space back in the late 1950s and early '60s. There were some spectacular "atomic fireworks" visible from Honolulu. There have been none in the last 45 years or so, since the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty banned nuclear weapons tests except in sealed underground bunkers.
Nevada, at NPG/NTS just north of Las Vegas.
as of 1992 there is no testing of nuclear explosives in the US. that is now only done by computer simulation on very expensive supercomputers. the nonexplosive parts of nuclear warheads do still undergo both lab tests and test missile launches.
No, underground nuclear tests cannot alter the Earth's axial tilt. The axial tilt of Earth is determined by gravitational interactions with other celestial bodies and is not influenced by nuclear tests.
Yes, there is nuclear waste in space.
There were several locations: New Mexico, Pacific, Nevada, Space, etc. The general idea was a remote location to reduce hazards to civilians. In several tests it didn't work out that way.
The first time nuclear testing was done in the Pacific was in 1946. Tests were conducted at the Marshall Islands, Bikini Atoll and a few other "nondescript" sites. Testing continued by the US in the Pacific up until 1962. France also conducted its own tests in French Polynesia, between 1966 and 1996.