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Alzheimer's is primarily considered a neurodegenerative disease. So the most prominent pathophysiological characteristics will be in brain tissue. Upon autopsy, patient with Alzheimer's exhibit large cell loss throughout the entire cerebral cortex. This part of the brain is usually associated with complex behaviors and executive functions (like planning, decision making, memory, contextual learning, etc). Additionally, research suggests that initial cell loss occurs in the hippocampus which is strongly associated with short-term memory and recall of recent events. Furthermore, Alzheimer's is characterised by a condition referred to as amyloidosis which results in the deposition of dense plaque lesions. These lesions are primarily located in brain tissue, but also form in blood vessels and may increase the risk of stroke.
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