The word Sabbath is a proper noun. All proper nouns are capitalised.
Briefly, part 1 means that only necessary "work" like feeding livestock or dealing with emergencies should be accomplished on the Sabbath; if it is work that can possibly be done beforehand or afterward, do that. Part 2 may be restated "Sabbath rest is to forward--or "promote"--not to hinder Sabbath worship.
Sabbath is not a religion. However, the Sabbath (Friday evening to Saturday evening) is part of the Jewish religion.
The part of speech for this particular word is a noun.
part of speech
Jews are taught to think of the Sabbath as a gift from God or a beautiful bride. The feeling one is supposed to feel when the Sabbath comes is the feeling a groom has when he sees his bride. The bride is a figure of speech and not a real being. There is only one God.
The part of speech for "answer" is a noun.
adverb
what part of speech is beneath
The Sabbath is on a Saturday for those whose religious traditions say so. Other religious traditions place the Sabbath on Sunday or on Friday. If you are part of one of those traditions, then the Sabbath is not on a Saturday. For Jews, the Sabbath is observed from Sundown on Friday until the appearance of 3 stars on Saturday night. For Muslims, the Sabbath is on Friday. For most, but not all, Christians, the Sabbath is on Sunday.
The part of speech for "unfamiliar" is an adjective.
The part of speech of "came" is a verb.
The part of speech for "twirl" is a verb.