One of the limiting factors on reaction time is the chemical/electrical synapses.
The brain stem is the part that controls breathing, it is the stem that allows the respiratory system to work and help you breathe
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain (it makes up 85% of the brain's weight) and it is the thinking part of the brain and contains your short and long term memories.
brain stem
The part of the brain called the Cnifiliatispin controls all testing of heat conditions.
To the extent that there can be said to be such a thing as a "part of the brain that controls hope", it's probably the prefrontal cortex.
Action potential in the brain
brain stem
Action potential in the brain
The occiptital cortex (in the posterior, or back, part of the brain.
medulla
The cerebrum.
cerebrum