Full moon
Approximately one week after the new moon phase, the waxing crescent moon phase occurs. This phase is characterised by a small sliver of the moon becoming visible on the right side.
You can see one side of the moon, but not the whole, entire thing.
One side of the moon (the Earth facing side) becomes fully visible at Full Moon.
One week after the full moon, the moon is in its third quarter phase. During this phase, the left half of the moon appears illuminated when viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, while the right half appears illuminated from the Southern Hemisphere. This is because the sunlight is shining on the opposite side of the moon compared to the full moon phase.
The waxing phase of the moon when you can see half of the lighted side is called the First Quarter Moon. During this phase, the moon is positioned at a right angle to the Earth and sun, resulting in half of its surface being illuminated. This occurs approximately one week after the New Moon phase, marking the transition from darkness to increasing light.
The waning Moon phase in which only one-half of the lighted side of the Moon can be seen from Earth is called the Third Quarter Moon. It occurs when the Moon has completed three-quarters of its 29.5-day cycle.
The waxing moon phase is when the moon is transitioning from new moon to full moon, and the illuminated portion of the moon is growing larger each night. During this phase, we can see more than half of the moon's lighted side from Earth.
Wow! Let's see if we can sort this out. The problem is the phrase "half side". Half of the moon's surface is always illuminated by the sun. You can call that 50% "the lit side". When the entire lit side is facing the Earth, we see a Full Moon. We see only 1/2 of the lit side one week after a New Moon and again one week before the next New Moon. The first occasion is called the First Quarter phase, and the second occasion is called the Third Quarter phase.
what did the moon look like on friday night
The phase of the moon when it's halfway around its orbit is a first quarter moon. This occurs when the moon has completed one quarter of its orbit around Earth, with the sun illuminating half of the side facing us.
This is the first quarter phase. The moon looks half lit, half in shadow, but you actually can only see one quarter of the moons surface at this point (during a full moon, you would only be able to see half of the moons surface - the half that faces us).
A gibbous moon is the phase of the moon that comes anywhere between the full moon and the quarter moon (both waxing and waning). The word 'gibbous', I believe means "swollen on one side".