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Solid Iron (Fes) melts into liquid iron (Fel) through a phase change of solid to liquid. Explained by the equation Q = mLf. Where Q is heat in joules, m is mass in kg, and Lf is the latent heat of fusion, which is a different constant for every element. So lets just say you have 5 kg of pure solid iron at its melting point. You want to know how much energy it takes to get it to liquid iron at the same temp. (During phase changes, all the energy goes into rearranging the substance, so the temperature stays constant!) So usually you would have a table of the latent heats of fusion around, one I found for pure iron is 272000 J/kg.
So you just plug the numbers in!
Q = mLf... Q = (5kg Fe)(272000 J/kg)... Q = 1,360,000 J of energy to turn 5kg of solid iron to liquid iron.
You cannot use this equation or the latent heat of vaporization (Lf) equations at any other time other than at a phase change.
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