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The anaesthetic serves many purposes in today's medical world. Their main purpose is to induce a reversible state of total unconsciousness upon a patient so that they can have surgery with no pain or memory of it. Their overall aim is ensuring unconsciousness, amnesia and analgesia (pain relief) during a surgery or an extremely painful process.

There are local anaesthetics and general anaesthetics. Local anaesthetics are topical (you apply them directly to the area you want numb), and general anesthetics numb the entire body, putting the patient into a state of unconsciousness so that surgery can be performed.

Anaesthetics include a wide variety of medications, usually opioid or sedative-hypnotic drugs. There are dangers of respiratory depression with anaesthetics, which is why an Anaesthesiologist monitors your heart rate and breathing the whole time.

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