apprenticeship, including four or five years of hands-on training at job sites and at least 144 hours per year of classroom education.
metal workers and railroad workers
metal workers and railroad workers
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They employed 142,682 workers and generated $19.3 billion in shipments in 2000.
A total of 23,896 workers were employed in the metal cutting machine tool industry in 2000. Of this total, 13,721 were production workers, who earned an average wage of $18.84 per hour.
Sheet metal workers held approximately 205,000 jobs in 2002. Roughly 66 percent were employed in the construction industry, half of whom worked for plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning contractors.
expertise of industry production workers is increasing rapidly as the industry adapts to new production techniques and strategies, the challenges of new metal alloys, and the competition of plastic alternatives.
Because of its specialized nature, the industry is highly fragmented. The average industry participant grossed about 28 percent as much as the average U.S. manufacturer in the mid-1990s and employed about half as many workers.
Sheet Metal Workers' International Association was created in 1888.
Industry-wide employment totaled 28,203 workers receiving a payroll of more than $914 million.
Metal smiths, metal workers, or metallurgists
Among the leading establishments in 1997 was Ladish Co., Inc. Based in Cudahy, Wisconsin.