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What rolde did the U.S. Supreme Court play in ending reconstruction?
Wiki User
∙ 7y ago
The Court restricted the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment by leaving its enforcement up to the states.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
The U.S. Supreme Court played a significant role in ending Reconstruction by issuing a series of rulings that weakened federal protections for civil rights. In particular, the court's decisions in cases like United States v. Cruikshank (1876) and United States v. Reese (1876) limited the ability of the federal government to prosecute individuals for violating the civil rights of African Americans. These rulings undermined the progress made during Reconstruction and effectively paved the way for the imposition of Jim Crow segregation laws in the South.
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Why did the religion of Islam split into two branches?
[Because the "two groups" are not specified in this question, it has been kept separate from the question: Why did Islam split into Sunnis and Shiites? which is a much better-written answer and for which a link is provided below.]Answer 1They divided into more then two groups. Like Christianity there are always differences of opinion about interpretation and disagreement about who wields power over the faithful. Over time rifts develop and you end up with different groups under the same religion all claiming to have it right and often committing acts of violence upon each other in order to get more power over those that are just not interested.Answer 2Because the Shiites and the Sunni had trouble picking a leader so they split into two groups.Answer 3It is not a real split. It is just two different schools that looking differently to some minor issues that not belonging to the main Islam principles. Refer to related question below.Answer 4Ali was a member of the Hashim Clan. Ali was Muhammad;s causin and his son-in-law. Mu'awaiya was upset because Uthman's death, which was caused by an angry group of Egyptians. Ali was elected caliph, but Mu'awaiya was pressuring him to charge the people who had killed Uthman. This caused a split between the Muslims. They became the Sunnis and the Shiites.Answer 5Sunnis- they feel that decout Muslims can be caliphs. They support the rolde of the first three caliphs, who were not blood-related to Muhammad.Shiites- NEVER accepted caliphs who werent blood related decendents of Muhammad.Answer 6Muslims did not split into two groups. They split into many, many more than that.According to Muhammad (peace be upon him) the Muslims would break up into many sects. He said "seventy-three", but in the classical Arabic language, the numbers seven, seventy, seven hundred, etc., simply means "a lot".Then Muhammad said that ALL of those sects are headed for Hell - except ONE.When he was asked, which one, he replied: The one that remains on what I and my Companions are on today. It is the Majority.A solid 85% of all Muslims follow the Qur'an and the example of the Prophet. We are referred to as "Sunni" Muslims; but, in fact, we are the original, orthodox, pure Muslims.In my understanding, ALL of the others have deviated from Islam.Of course, a Shiite, a Sufi, a Zaydi, an Ahmadi, a Druze, an Alawi, woulddisagree with me. BUT . . . read the Qur'an, and the teachings of Muhammad, and you can see where they have gone astray. My opinion, of course.Answer 7The end of the Rightly Guided CaliphsIt was after the sorrowful death of the third Rightful Caliph Hazrat Usman RAU by the rebels that the Muslims split occured. The two groups are now known as Sunni (almost 85%) and Shias (10%).The rebels killed the third Rightful Caliph and forced Hazrat Ali RAU to become the caliph. It was rumoured about that Hazrat Ali RAU didn't want to save Hazrat Usman RAU from the rebels. While the fact was that Hazrat Ali RAU had deputed two of his sons -Hazrat Hassan RAU and Hazrat Hussain RAU to watch the house of the Caligh and try to defend him. This misunderstanding resulted into bloodshed of thousands of Muslims fighting against one another. Those who favoured Ali were called Shiyan-i-Ali and those who opposed and demanded that the rebels and killers of the caliph should be brought to book were the other group. A third group-Khawarjis- also appeared out from this split.Answer 8They divide into two schools or groups as the Shiites believed that Ali Ibn Abou Taleb should be the first Caliph after prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) death. However, when Abou Bakr was elected all Muslims; including those opposing Abou Bakr; were all one unity. Again, when Omar and Othman were elected, all Muslims were one unity. Then, Ali Ibn Abou Taleb was elected as the fourth Caliph. All Muslims; irrelevant to their schools; should remain as one unity irrelevant to their minor side differences. It is to be recognized that the differences between these two groups; Suniis and Shiites; are minor and side differences. The basic Islam beliefs are the same for Islamic groups or schools as well as they have the same holy book Qur'an, they have the same ritual worships of praying, fasting, pilgrimage (or Hajj), same direction when praying. It is to be emphasized that the persuasion of the west to deepen differences between Islamic different schools and agitate conflicts among them to help in implementing their policies of the creative disturbance will never succeed. The differences among Islamic schools are never the same as the Christian different denominations and sects. Refer to related question below,
