Soak in hot water about 30 minutes, ruffly, should come right out with some gentle rubbing.
No.
If you are going to paint you should first find out what kind of paint was origanlly used on the chairs. Latex paint over oil based paint has been known to peel and come off. I think latex is the better choice because it does not yellow or fade over time. This website outlines the pros and cons of latex and oil paints: http://www.hgtv.com/decorating/painting-101-oil-or-latex/index.html You should use exterior latex paint on your adirondack chairs. Exterior latex will allow outside moisture to evaporate, which will prevent blistering/peeling of the paint.
Yes ,you can use polyacrylic over latex
There are many good latex primers that will work under oils.
No , No you can not .
No, you use water to thin latex paint. Thinner is for oil based paint.
The water in the latex paint will soften the bristles of a brush intended for oil paint, so it is not a good idea.
You can use interior Latex pearl paint on your bathroom wall. Pearl paint adds a special finish to the wall.
You could probably use latex with no problem, but people use acrylic for a tough, strong finish.
For as long as it takes for the surface to be completely dry.
no
yes as long as the paint is dry.