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North America has a range of climates, including desert, subtropical, temperate, coastal, subarctic, arctic, steppe, tundra, mountain, woodland, and grassland. In fact, the only climates NOT represented in North America (unless you count Hawaii) are tropical, and rain forest.
Death Valley is a rain shadow desert in the U.S. It is in the rain shadow effect of the Sierra Nevada mountain range.
Oregon
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The rainshadow effect is what creates deserts to the east of mountain ranges in the northern hemisphere. Because our weather systems move basically from west to east, when a storm hits a mountain range the air is forced to rise over the mountain. When air rises, it cools, condenses and most of the moisture falls as rain or snow. By the time the system gets over the mountain there isn't enough moisture left to cause rain, so you get a desert on that side of the mountain.
There is no single mountain that stops rain getting to the Australian outback. However, the Great Dividing Range is an extensive and complex mountain range which runs down the eastern seaboard of the continent from Cape York in Queensland right down to Victoria, including its western regions. This mounatin range is responsible for stopping a lot of rain from penetrating into the inlanc.
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Cougars are found in a wide variety of habitats from taiga in northern Canada all the way south into the rain forests of South America. For a map of the cougar's range, click on this link.
Yes. A rain shadow is an area downwind from a mountain range that has less rain than other area, but that does not mean they get no rain.
The Cascade Range
A rain shadow can sometimes be found on the Leeward side of a mountain. It's not unusual if a rain shadow transitions into a desert.
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