Louisiana
Mobile, Alabama is the state capital with a french name based on a segment of an Indian tribe. Mobile is french for the indigenous Mauvilla tribe.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Montpelier, Vermont are two. Des Moines, Iowa
It is named for an ancient French province.
It was named for an ancient French Province of the same name.
Carolina (US State, or female first name) are spelled 'Caroline' in French.
Cameroon (if you mean the name of the African state).
The state name that means mountainous is "Vermont." The name Vermont comes from the French words for "green mountain," reflecting the state's mountainous terrain and lush forests.
The state's official answer to that question is that it is named in honor of an ancient French Province of the same name,
Vermont.
Vermont - from the French 'vert' (green) and 'mont' (mount).
Juneau is named for Joe Juneau a French Canadian.