conjugation occurs between two bacterial cells and transfers DNA in the form of plasmids. this is one way to transfer of genetic material - it is not sexual reproduction, The other two ways to transfer genetic material between bacteria are transformation and transduction.
In order to be able to perform coagulation (transfer of a plasmid) the bacteria must have an F factor (DNA that codes for the PILI protein, which allows the bacteria to create a bridge through which the bacteria inject the plasmid to another bacteria). Bacteria with F factor is called F+, and without it is called F-. F+ can transfer the plasmid to an F- bacteria.
During conjugation the bacteria transfer their genetic material (Plasmid DNA) via a special tube that is referred as conjugation tube. It is formed by a special pilus that is called as sex pilus.
pilus
Plasmid
Pilus, Plasmid
Pilus
There are two types of pili found on some bacteria. Sex pili are used by bacteria to transfer plasmids during conjugation. Common pili (fimbrae) are used to stick to surfaces.
Pilus Pilus, Plasmid
transfer of genetic material through transformation
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic, inhibits the synthesis of proteins in bacteria. Aparently Chloramphenicol interfer during the transfer of amino acids from RNA-bound amino acids to Ribosome
a form of sexual reproduction. Spirogyra and its relatives can be found during summer as pond scum, floating mats in ponds.Two filaments of Spirogyra form conjugation tubes. The contents of one cell passes through the tube an fuses with a cell from the other filament.
Bacteria exchange genetic material during the process of conjugation to ensure the rise of another offspring which is genetically different.
There are two types of pili found on some bacteria. Sex pili are used by bacteria to transfer plasmids during conjugation. Common pili (fimbrae) are used to stick to surfaces.
They are called sex pili.
Pilus Pilus, Plasmid
Genetic Material (DNA).
transfer of genetic material through transformation
transfer of genetic material through transformation
Pili are the fine hair like projections present on the bacterial cell surface. Only one or few pili are present on the cell surface. They are genetically determined, and are used for attachment in case of pathogenic bacteria. The sex pili are involved in bacterial conjugation and are found exclusively on the cells that donate DNA during this process.
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic, inhibits the synthesis of proteins in bacteria. Aparently Chloramphenicol interfer during the transfer of amino acids from RNA-bound amino acids to Ribosome
The ear drums are responsible from transferring sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear. It vibrates in response to these waves.
The ear drums are responsible from transferring sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear. It vibrates in response to these waves.
Helps the bacteria transfer faster