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The definition of "surrounding" on a closed curved surface like a sphere is not immediately obvious. If you put a spot of ink on a tennis ball, and then draw a line of a different colour around it everyone would agree that the line would be surrounding the ink. Surrounding it in this way, with the line right up to the edge of the ink, does something else : it divides the surface unambigously into two zones, which we can call "inked" and "not-inked". We can turn this on its head; if a closed curve divides a closed surface unambigously into "foo" and "not-foo" then it surrounds foo.

Now we see daylight. If a line divides the earth into "northern hemisphere" and "not-northern hemisphere" then it surrounds the northern hemisphere. Such a line is called the Equator.

It is worth noting that the Equator also surrounds the southern hemisphere !

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