http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_technological_improvements_made_exploation_by_sea_possible_in_the_1400"
The compass and the astrolabe made navigation by sea, and therefore exploration, possible.
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the printing press
late 1400's.
To spread Christianity
Prince Henry the Navigator is the one.
410 AD with the fall of Rome to 1400 with the start of exploration.
The 1400's with the age of exploration.
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To trade with wealthy Asian Nations
Advances in technology made these voyages possible. A new kind of ship, the caravel, was stronger built than earlier ships. That is what made the Europeans able to begin exploring foreign lands in the 1400's.