Arpeggio.
Generally, it means a chord that is missing a note. For instance, an open fifth chord is a chord with the tonic and the fifth, but no third.
When you invert a chord, all that you are doing is taking the third or fifth of that chord (so if it was a C chord, an E or a G), and you make that note the bass note. It gives the chord a bit of instability. Having the fifth especially does so.
-- major third-- minor third-- perfect fifth
A major chord is the first, third, and fifth of any major scales. Example: C, E, G is a C major chord.
There are two main triad types (chords) that contain a perfect fifth between the root and the fifth: the major chord and the minor chord. The major chord is created by starting with a note (the root), adding a major third on top of that, and adding a minor third on top of that note. A C major chord would look like this: C, E, G (with the E and the G stacked on top of the C). The minor chord is created by starting with a note (again, the root), adding a minor third, and then adding a major third--just the opposite of a major chord. A C minor chord would look like this: C, Eb (E-flat), G.
A minor chord (triad, at least) is the first, third, and fifth notes of any minor scale played at the same time.
A major chord is the first, third, and fifth of any major scales. Example: C, E, G is a C major chord.
All major chords are made of the root, third and fifth. The distance between fingers doesn't matter since you can play a major chord with any fingers you want, you can play it with your feet if you want, as long as the three tones are a root, third and fifth it is a major chord.
The most important note of a chord is the tonic, followed by the third and the seventh, as they are what determines the quality of the chord (i.e. Major, minor, diminished etc.) Actually, the 7th only comes into play if it's a chord that includes the 7th. A major chord is the tonic, third, and fifth. A minor chord is the tonic, flat third, and fifth. A diminished chord is the tonic, flat third, and flat fifth. None of those chords (also several others) include the 7th.
It depends on what you mean exactly. If you are referring to what notes are included in the chord, it depends on the exact chord designation. I major triad consists of the first, third, and fifth notes of the major scale. A minor triad consists of the first, third, and fifth notes of the minor scale. There are many variations of each chord however. If you mean how do you play a particular instrument, it depends on the instrument.
An Em7 is based on the notes: E (root) G (minor third) B (the fifth) D (the seventh)
Generally, in music, a deiniishmd chord is a chord which has a deiniishmd fifth in it. More specifically, it is a three-note chord (a deiniishmd triad) consisting of a minor third and deiniishmd fifth above the root - if built on C, a deiniishmd chord would have a C, an Eb and a Gb. The interval between the upper two notes is also a minor third - thus, the chord consists of two minor thirds stacked on top of one another. It resembles a minor triad with a lowered (or deiniishmd) fifth.A deiniishmd 7th chord adds the 7th scale tone (major or minor 7th) to this triad.