runoff
Runoff
Runoff is the water flowing downhill across the surface of the Earth.
Fresh water flows across Earth's surface in rivers, streams, lakes, and glaciers. It is essential for supporting ecosystems, agriculture, and human populations. The water cycle ensures that fresh water is continually replenished and distributed around the planet.
Water that doesn't sink in but runs across the Earth's surface is called surface water. This includes rivers, streams, creeks, and runoff from rain or snowmelt that flows over the ground.
Magma that flows onto Earth's surface is called lava.
Minerals
lava
yes
magma or lava
Surface currents
Yes, that is correct. When magma reaches the earth's surface, it is called lava. Lava flows are streams of molten rock that move across the surface, while volcanic ash consists of tiny rock particles and glass fragments that are ejected into the air during volcanic eruptions.
Surface water is water that flows or collects on the Earth's surface, including rivers, streams, lakes, and wetlands. It plays a vital role in the hydrological cycle by replenishing groundwater, supporting ecosystems, and providing water for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use.