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the term crust is suitable for the layer of the earth we live on because it is the rocks that cooled from the outer core under it.
Thermocline
Groundwater.
Igneous Rock
The basement is a term sometimes used, and Cratonis another used in a continental context.The Principle of Superposition has it that in a given formation, the top layers are the youngest, and the deeper layers the oldest.
an aquifier
the term for under water is ''ground water ''.
If we look beneath water, no matter how deep, we will always find the rock of the crust of the earth. You might have heard the term "ball of rock" applied to the earth, and the crust is the outer covering of that ball of rock. All of the world's oceans sit on top of the crust of the earth.
the term crust is suitable for the layer of the earth we live on because it is the rocks that cooled from the outer core under it.
"plates" are the term for the giant sheets of rock on the earths crust
It most likely means that each layer of the stratificaton represents a time of flood, when a large layer of fresh silt was washed into the body of water, settling to the bottom over pre-existing layers.
The term "bowels of the rock" could be considered a metaphor, where the rock is being compared to a living organism with internal parts. It can also fall under the category of personification, giving human-like characteristics to an inanimate object.
It is erosion or weathering.
groundwater
Not sure if the engineering-related definition is exactly the same, but in geology the term mechanical sandwich refers to a rock layer which has different tectonic mechanisms going on above and below it. Thus, the rock layer is "sandwiched" between other rock layers experiencing different tectonic processes.
Thermocline
ground water