James-Lang theory
expressive behaviors, physiological arousal, and conscious experience
The basic components of emotion are physiological arousal, cognitive appraisal, subjective experience, and expressive behavior. Physiological arousal refers to the physical changes that occur in the body when experiencing an emotion. Cognitive appraisal involves interpreting the situation that triggered the emotion. Subjective experience relates to the individual's personal feelings and intensity of the emotion. Expressive behavior refers to the external manifestations of the emotion through facial expressions, body language, and vocal cues.
Lazarus's cognitive-mediation theory focuses on how cognitive appraisals of a situation mediate the emotional response. It suggests that when individuals appraise a situation as having personal relevance or as a threat, they experience emotional arousal. On the other hand, the Schachter-Singer cognitive arousal theory proposes that emotional experiences arise from the interpretation of physiological arousal, which is then given meaning through cognitive labeling. Thus, while Lazarus's theory emphasizes cognitive appraisals, the Schachter-Singer theory emphasizes the interpretation of physiological arousal.
Robert E. Thayer has written: 'The biopsychology of mood and arousal' -- subject(s): Affective Symptoms, Arousal, Arousal (Physiology), Mood (Psychology), Physiological aspects, Physiological aspects of Mood (Psychology), Physiology, Psychobiology, Psychology, Psychophysiology 'The Origin of Everyday Moods' -- subject(s): Mood (Psychology), Affect (Psychology)
cannon-bard theory
Higher on tasks that are difficult
The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion states that physiological arousal and emotional experiences happen independently and simultaneously when encountering a stimulus. This theory suggests that the brain processes the emotional response separately from the physical arousal instead of one causing the other.
Endocrine glands
Cognitive anxiety involves excessive worry, negative thoughts, and fear of failure, while somatic anxiety refers to the physical symptoms of anxiety such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, and muscle tension. Cognitive anxiety is more focused on thoughts and perceptions, while somatic anxiety manifests as physical sensations in the body.
Our need for stimulation (the arousal motive) suggests that behavior efficiency increases as we move from deep sleep to increased alertness. However, once we pass the maximum level of arousal, our performance declines.
Our need for stimulation (the arousal motive) suggests that behavior efficiency increases as we move from deep sleep to increased alertness. However, once we pass the maximum level of arousal, our performance declines.
Cognitive Anxiety Physiological arousal performance