Hi, by this I assume you mean that you want to know which changes of state produces heat (raise the air temperature) as this temperature change is the removal of energy from the system. (Also called an exothermic reaction).
To remove energy from a change of state bonds must be formed between molecules therefore going from gas to liquid, gas to solid or liquid to solid are all exothermic and remove energy from the system.
If you mean removal of energy from the air therefore decreasing air temperature then it is the other way around.
Sublimation, melting, and vaporization are three changes of state which require energy.
Evaporation
melting
When you burn a fuel in air you are converting chemical potential energy into thermal energy. The only energy input needed is to raise the fuel temperature to the ignition point. To obtain electromagnetic energy you have to drive a generator, which requires mechanical energy, so you have to use the thermal energy to drive a heat engine, a gas turbine is a good example.
endergonic
Different types of refrigerators achieve this in different ways. From an energy point of view, heat has the natural tendency to flow from hotter object to colder objects; making heat energy move the other way requires an energy input.
Assume no vibration loss, the amount of energy input to electric motor subtract out the converted 92 J of mechanical energy is the thermal energy produced.
The missing energy is converted into some form of unusable energy. It may be heat (thermal energy), but it may be other types of energy as well.
When you burn a fuel in air you are converting chemical potential energy into thermal energy. The only energy input needed is to raise the fuel temperature to the ignition point. To obtain electromagnetic energy you have to drive a generator, which requires mechanical energy, so you have to use the thermal energy to drive a heat engine, a gas turbine is a good example.
Energy release is to condensation as energy input is to vaporization. Vaporization requires energy input to happen, while condensation releases energy.
Chemical reactions can be either endothermic (that is, where bonds broken) or exothermic (i.e. where bonds are formed). The former requires thermal energy input; the latter releases heat energy as bonds are formed.
endergonic
Endergonic
The idea is to divide the useful work by the input energy.
Evaporation.
ATP
A motor that requires no energy input once it is running
Different types of refrigerators achieve this in different ways. From an energy point of view, heat has the natural tendency to flow from hotter object to colder objects; making heat energy move the other way requires an energy input.
No they do not. An endergonic reaction requires a net input of energy to force it to occur.
Anabolic because it requires the input of energy.