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The Greek sculptor Polykleitos designed Doryphoros(Spear-Bearer),as an example of the "canon" or "rule", showing the perfectly harmonious and balanced proportions of the human body in the sculpted form, about 440 BC.
Probably not physically, but as to the range and scope of human thought, a case might be made.
They are designed to occupie the human mind
Anthropometry, the study of human dimensions. is important so designer of cars, chairs, clothing, etc know what sizes to accommodate.
by tossing off vigourously!
Gottfried Schadow has written: 'The sculptor and art students' guide to the proportions of the human form'
Look at the Diabolical Ironclad Beetle, and then tell me that insects are thin. If an insect's proportions were to match an average human's height, then it would generally be thicker than a human.
They produced idealised forms of the human body, and stone structures of monumental proportions.
Have a look at this page from Harvard University http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~loebinfo/loebinfo/Proportions/humanfigure.html
It is important to us because our body(human body) is the one which need all nutrients in right proportions.
barometer
Math - because they have to calculate amounts, proportions, percentages, etc. Beyond that, I'm not sure.Science - This career involves the human body. You will need to know something about digestion and metabolism as well as chemistry. How else are you going to know what food is made of and how the body uses it?