For the volume you can use a graduated container.
A stopwatch or a timer would be suitable to measure the time it takes to bring water to a boil.
You would need a graduated cylinder or a measuring cup to accurately measure 50 ml of water.
The fastest way to measure the volume of an aquarium is to use a tank volume calculator online by entering the aquarium's dimensions (length, width, and height) in either inches, centimeters, or any other units. This tool will provide a quick and accurate volume measurement without the need for manual calculations.
a large beaker and sponge
A graduated cylinder
I woould use a small measuring spoon, as in the image
meter
To measure out 20ml of water, you would need a measuring cup or a graduated cylinder with markers indicating milliliters. Pour the water into the measuring tool slowly until it reaches the 20ml mark.
A beaker is used to measure volume using water displacement.
The answer would depend on what characteristic of the drop of water you wished to measure: its mass, surface area, volume, length, shape, refractive index, and so on. In any case, the tool would be much the same as the tool used for the traditional measurement - only the units would differ/
You would use a measuring cup or a graduated cylinder to measure the capacity of a container. Fill the container with water and then pour the water into the measuring cup or graduated cylinder to determine its volume.
You would use a thermometer to measure air temperature.