a small plant
tall and tall
When a first generation plant self pollinates, the ratio of dominant to recessive traits in the second generation plants is typically 3:1. This is based on Mendel's principle of segregation, which predicts that in a monohybrid cross, three plants will exhibit the dominant trait and one will exhibit the recessive trait.
a small plant
a small plant
reappears in some plants in the F2 generation
f2 generation
In Mendel's experiments, recessive traits were visible in the F2 generation. After crossing two purebred plants (P generation) for a specific trait, the first filial generation (F1) showed only the dominant trait. However, when the F1 plants were self-pollinated, the recessive traits reappeared in a ratio of approximately 3:1 in the F2 generation, demonstrating the principles of inheritance.
Mendel's F1 generation plants showed only one of the two traits present in the parental generation. This indicated that the trait expressed in the F1 generation was dominant, while the other trait was recessive.
Mendel referred to the trait that appeared in all first-generation plants as the "dominant" trait. In his experiments with pea plants, he observed that certain traits, such as flower color or seed shape, consistently overshadowed others in the offspring. The traits that did not appear in the first generation were termed "recessive." Mendel's work laid the foundation for the principles of heredity and genetics.
In Mendel's experiments, recessive traits were hidden in the F1 generation. When he crossed pure-breeding plants with contrasting traits, all offspring in the F1 generation exhibited the dominant trait. It was only in the F2 generation, produced by self-pollinating the F1 plants, that the recessive traits reappeared in a 3:1 ratio alongside the dominant traits.
dominant
dominant