"Lines of Latitude" and "parallels" are both used. Please note that the "lines" are imaginary; you'll never see one on the ground. Just on a map.
The curvature of the Earth in any direction can be calculated using the formula for the Earth's radius of curvature (R), which is given by R = a / √(1 - e^2sin²φ) where a is the equatorial radius of the Earth and e is the eccentricity of the Earth. By determining the radius of curvature at a specific latitude (φ), you can find the curvature in that direction.
Speed in a given direction is velocity.
Orbit
Speed in a given direction is velocity.
The answer depends on the form in which the direction is given. On the coordinate plane, the direction given by the polar coordinates is the angle made with the positive direction of the x-axis.
Speed in a given direction is called velocity.
The name assigned to our moon is "moon".
The Earth's journey around the sun is called an Elliptical Orbit.One Earth orbit around the sun equals one year.
Velocity can be defined as speed in a given direction. It is a vector quantity that specifies the rate of change of an object's position with respect to time, along with the direction in which it is moving.
The amount of speed in a given direction is the 'component' of speed in that direction. The total amount of speed AND the direction of the total speed is the 'velocity' of the moving object.
For any given place on earth, the amount of daily sunshine is due to the tilt of the earth's rotational axis with respect to the plane of its orbit and the fact that the direction in space in which the earth's axis points is almost constant as the earth revolves around the sun (one complete cycle of the direction or the earth's axial tilt with respect to the "fixed" stars takes about 25772 years). The closer you get to the poles, the more variation there is in the amount of sunlight per day, and the closer you get to the equator, the less variation there is.
The Equator is the line that separates the earth into two hemispheres